The emergence of information and communication technology (ICT) already influences our daily life and also has become the impetus for the creation of smart environments. A new paradigm that combines ICT with advance building technologies is formed in order to promote human computer interaction. This publication has focused on the recent development of the smart environment from the practical and research points of views, in particular the design perspective. As members in the design profession, we have a primary responsibility to imagine better alternatives to what already exists - homes, places of work, learning, commerce, leisure, etc. - and since we judge our speculations about the future against the past, our imagination necessarily operates in response to the world with emerging technologies and user needs.

Human computer interface (HCI) is the interface between inhabitants and man- made objects for communication and manipulation. In the smart environment, the digital living interface becomes an important trend for design. Unlike the previous attempts of technology-driven intelligent buildings in 1990s, the recent development of smart environment is driven from informative, interactive, user- centric and performance concepts. While the advancement of technologies provides the potential for fostering better solutions and improving living quality, smart design is the key that can integrate the technology and space together, and furthermore accommodate their users and creative activities. The vision of smart environments is that the built environment will interact in a sensitive, responsive, and adaptive way to the presence of humans and objects.

For later discussion in this book, the smart environment is defined as "Smart environments are the places designed for people where the inhabitants can be context-aware and therefore interactive with their surrounding created by applying smart solutions (including the smart materials and ICT technologies) for acquiring and assimilating information in order to enhance their living experience." Hopefully, the seamless integration of the latest information and smart technologies will play an important role in contemporary architecture and broadens the architectural field.

The book first examines predispositions and hypothesis that we expect technologies used for enhancing everyday life via examples and precedents. The introductory chapter will provide an overall understanding where the ideas are coming from and the surveys of the field. Invited articles explore a wide range of smart technologies and concepts derived from sentient buildings, pervasive computing, interactive multimedia, augmented reality, autonomous machine, RFID, to intelligent agents. Therefore, the volume is subdivided into three sections: (1) smart concepts, ( 2 ) smart materials and technologies, and (3) smart design and applications. Several international researchers, architects and expertise are invited to depict their vision and experience in the development of "Smart environments"

The introductory chapter provides an overview of the recent development. In the following chapters, several well-known projects including Sentient building at TU Vianna (Chapter 2) , IP++ in NCKU (Chapter 3), New Universal Constructor at Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Chapter 4), MUSCLE Reconfigured at TU Delft (Chapter 5), SAS in Korea (Chapter 6), blue-c at ETHZ (Chapter 7), Smart Wall at CHKU (Chapter 8), Smart Kitchen at the Media Lab in MIT (Chapter 9), TRON House and PAPI in Japan (Chapter 10), SMART-BASE at NCKU (Chapter 11),

FIBER WAVE and Induction Design in Japan (Chapter 12), Smart Shop in Korea (Chapter 13), Swisshouse at Harvard (Chapter 14), abd the Intelligent Workplace at Carnegie Mellon (Chapter 15) are reported respectively. Hopefully, the audience can share their visions.

The book should be of interest to people working in a variety of fields including the following.

  1. Practicing architects and designers
  2. Researchers and developers in smart environments
  3. Teachers and students in design and engineering domain

The benefits include knowing th emergent development of the smart technologies, examples in the field, and the impacts on our everyday life in the future.

During the one and half years editorial period, it is a challenge to the editor, because the difficulty to demonstrate the whole story of digital city development, to search of international expertise to write each article, and to finally edit the topics as a serial of articles in a book. Fortunately, the editorial work is with full cooperation from the authors contribute the main contents of the publication. The international contributors include Prof. Ardeshir Mahdavi (TU Vienna), Prof. Taysheng Jeng (NCKU), Dr. Thomas Fischer (Hong Kong Polytechnic) and John H. Frazer (Gehry Tech.), Prof. Kas Oosterhuis (TU Delft), Dr. Seongju Chang (ICU), Dr. Jin-Yeu Tsou (CHKU), Dr. Silke

B. Lang (ETHZ), Dr. Ted Selker, Chia- Hsun Lee & Leonardo Bonanni (MIT), Dr. Ken Sakamura (Tokyo U.), Makoto Sei Watanabe, Dr. Jin-Won Choi (Yonsei U.), Dr. Jeffery Huang (Harvard), and Dr. Khee-Poh Lam & Viraj Srivastava (Carnegie Mellon). I am particularly grateful for Dr. Ted Selker, Dr. Taysheng Jeng and Dr. Junichi Rekimoto for their valuable comments.

Meanwhile, ARCHIDATA (Taipei) and Architexturez Imprints India (Delhi) provide publication distributing service. Mr. Jyun-Min Chen and my research assistant Mr. Shang-Yuan Chen support the editorial work. Because all these factors make this publication possible, the most valuable experience can be shared with the future CAAD practitioners, educators, and researchers.

Mao-Lin Chiu, 2005-11-15 in CAAD Lab, Department of Architecture, National Cheng Kung University


Table of Contents

  • Preface

I. Smart Concepts

  1. Insight of Smart Environments – Design Perspectives
    Dr. Mao-Lin Chiu, Department of Architecture, National Cheng Kung University
  2. Sentient Buildings: From Concept to Implementation
    Dr. Ardeshir Mahdavi, Professor, Department of Building Physics and Building Ecology, Vienna University of Technology
  3. Smart Space of the Future - Designing a ubiquitous interactive environment
    Dr. Taysheng Jeng, IA Lab, Department of Architecture, National Cheng Kung University

II. Smart Materials and Technologies

  1. Modeling Architecture as Logic States in Space and Time - History and Future of the Universal Constructor
    Dr. Thomas Fischer, School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University John H. Frazer, Gehry Technology, UK
  2. MUSCLE ReConfigured – Smart skin design (to be confirmed)
    Kas Oosterhuis, principal ONL [oosterhuis_lénárd], Hyperbody Research Group , TU Delft, the Netherlands
  3. Smart Architectural Surfaces - Creating a Polymorphic Surface out of Aggregated Smart Digital Modules
    Dr. Seongju Chang, Information and Communications University, Digital Media Lab, Seoul, Korea
  4. Smart Wall for Thermal Comfort – A Performance Approach to Integrate Thermoelectric Conductor Module into Architectural Design
    Dr. JIN-YEU TSOU, Professor, Department of Architecture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  5. Blue-c @ ETHZ -The Challenge and the Potential of 3D Video for Architecture
    Dr. Silke Berit Lang, Computer Graphics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Swissland
  6. Smart Kitchen - The Kitchen of the Future
    Dr. Ted Selker, Chia-Hsun Lee, Leonardo Bonanni, MIT Media Lab, USA

III. Smart Design and Applications

  1. Tron House – House of the future
    Dr. Ken Sakamura, Ubiquitous Computing Lab, University of Tokyo, Japan
  2. House-N – Changing Space
    Jarmo I. Suominen, MIT Media Lab, USA
  3. Designing Smart Shops with the ubiquitous technology
    Dr. Jin-Won Choi, Department of Housing Interiors, Yonsei University, Korea
  4. Natural Inspirations for Designing Evolutionary Environments
    Makoto Sei Watanabe / Architects’ Office, Japan
  5. Swisshouse – Designing Interactive Walls and Wallpapers for Smart Offices,
    Dr. Jeffery Huang, GSD, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
  6. Living in the Intelligent Workplace –Structuring and Managing Building Operation Information
    Dr. Khee-Poh Lam, Viraj Srivastava, School of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
  • Reference
  • Keywords

資訊與通訊科技的出現已影響了我們日常 的生活，也成為產生智慧環境的動力。一 個結合資訊與通訊科技與先進建築科技的 新領域已形成，可以提升人機互動。這本 書的重點是最近智慧型環境的發展趨勢， 從實用與研究的觀點，特別是關於設計的 方向。作為設計專業的成員，我們具有一 個主要的任務來替既存環境想像更好的方 案，包括住宅、工作、學習、商業與娛樂 場所等 - 並且由於我們相較於過去來判斷對 於未來的懷疑，我們的想像力必須運作以 反映這個科技發展的世界與使用者需求。

人機界面 (human computer interface，簡稱 HCI)一般指的是人與物的介面，即智慧環 境中使用者與數位生活環境的溝通與操作 介面。數位生活科技的介面也是在未來生 活中設計發展的重要趨勢。最近發展的智 慧化環境並不像1990年代的智慧型建築的 嘗試，出自於對於技術的驅使，它是一種 資訊化、互動的、效能的、以使用者為中 心，與以服務或內容導向的。雖然技術的 開發提供孕育更佳解答與改進生活品質的 潛力，智慧化設計則是整合科技與空間在 一起的關鍵，以及更進一步包容他們的使 用者與具創意的活動。智慧化環境的願景 是一個居住的環境可以敏感的、反映的、 與調適的方式與其居住者與物件互動。

或許「智慧型環境」並無明確的定義，為 了後續的討論，我們可將其定義成「一個 精心設計的特定場所，其居住者能察覺其 涵構，因此能夠應用智慧化解答(包括智慧 材料與資訊科技)與其圍繞的環境互動，以 獲取與傳遞資訊來提昇他們的生活經驗。 」我們期待持續地整合最新的資訊與智慧 技術將在現代建築扮演一個重要的角色， 並且擴大建築的領域。

這本書首先以實例與前例來檢視我們期待 科技可以被用來提升日常生活的前提與假 設。第一章將提供一個整體性說明來了解 「智慧化」概念從哪裡來以及發展狀況的 初步調查。被邀請的文章將探討廣泛的智 慧技術與概念，它們是從感知建築、遍佈 運算、互動式多媒體、擴增實境、自主性 機器、無線射頻辨識、到智慧代理者等。 因此，本書分成三個部份：(1) 智慧概念、 (2)智慧材料與技術、(3)智慧設計與應用。 許多位於世界各地的研究者、建築師與專 家被邀請來描述他們發展智慧型環境的願 景與經驗。

因此，首章提供最近發展的概述，在接著 十四篇文章中，報導了許多著名的國際計 畫包括維也納科技大學的「感知建築」(第 二章)，成功大學的「IP++」(第三章)、香港 理工大學的「通用構造器」 (第四章)、荷蘭 台夫特科技大學的「肌肉重塑」 (第五章)、 韓國的「智慧建築表皮」(第六章), 瑞士聯 邦理工學院「blue-c」 (第七章)、香港中文 大學的「智慧牆」(第八章)、麻省理工學院 多媒體實驗室的「智慧廚房」 (第九章)、日 本的「TRON住宅」與「PAPI夢之住宅」( 第十章)、成功大學的「智慧住宅」(第十一 章)、日本的「纖維波」與「誘導式設計」( 第十二章)、韓國的「智慧商店」 (第十三章 )、哈佛大學的「瑞士屋」 (第十四章)，以 及「智慧工作場所」(第十五章)。本書讀者 或可分享這些築夢者的願景與經驗。

本書主要對象是針對於下列有興趣者，包 括：

(1)對智慧環境設計有興趣的執業建築 師與設計者

(2) 智慧型環境的開發與研究者

(3) 設計領域相關的教授與學生

讀者或許可從深入淺出的文章與舉例中獲 益，更加瞭解智慧型技術與案例的未來發 展與對未來生活的可能影響。

在過去一年半的編輯過程中，對於編輯者 是一個挑戰因為難以顯示整體性智慧環境 發展的難度，搜尋國際間專家來撰寫各篇 文章，以及最後編輯成具系列文章的一本 專書。幸運的是編輯工作有來自所有作者 全力的配合以提供本書的主要內容。國際 性作者包括來自奧地利科技大學的阿德夏． 瑪達維教授、成功大學的鄭泰昇教授、香 港科技大學的湯瑪士．費雪博士與英國蓋 瑞科技公司主持人方瀚舟、荷蘭台夫特科 技大學建築系的卡司．歐思特許司教授、 韓國資訊與通訊大學數位媒體研究室主持 人張成柱博士、香港中文大學建築學系鄒 經宇教授、瑞士聯邦理工學院研究員斯爾 克．蘭博士、美國麻省理工學院多媒體實 驗室互動研究室主持人泰德．塞克教授與 研究員李佳勳以及雷納多．波納利、日本 東京大學電腦系版村健教授、日本渡邊誠 建築師、韓國延世大學住居環境學科崔真 源教授、美國哈佛大學設計學院黃占瑞教 授、以及美國卡耐基美崙大學建築系林棋 波教授與研究員威拉．司里瓦斯打瓦。我 特別感謝泰德．塞克教授、曆本俊一博士 與鄭泰昇教授等對於智慧環境的見解與建 議。

同時，台北建築情報(ARCHIDATA)與印度 德里Architexturez Imprints提供出版經銷的服 務，以及天晴文化陳俊民先生與研究助理 陳上元支援編輯工作。由於所有上述因素 使此書順利發行，因此珍貴的經驗可以與 未來環境設計的實務者、教育者與研究者 分享。

邱茂林, 2005-11-11, CAAD Lab, 成功大學建築系

See also …