Figure 2. Fossil hominin and early Upper Palaeolithic sites in China and neighbouring countries

The dashed line indicates the present boundary between the Palearctic Realm of north China and the Oriental Realm of south China. This boundary shifted considerably during the Pleistocene, depending upon the relative strengths of the winter and summer monsoons. The Qinling Mountains that divide north from south China lie south of Xian and the Yellow River, and approximately along the modern boundary between the Palearctic and Oriental biogeographic realms.

Key: Sites with hominin remains: 1 Salkhit; 2 Xujiayao; 3 Jinnuishan; 4 Zhoukoudian Upper Cave and Tianyuandong; 5 Huanglong; 6 Dali; 7 Xiahe; 8 Xuchung (Linjing); 9 Penghu; 10 Fuyan; 11 Liujiang; 12 Longtanshan; 13 Luna; 14 Tam Pa Ling (Laos).

Archaeological sites: a Tolbor; b Jinsitai; c Shuidonggou; d South Temple Canyon; e Xiaodong; f Ma’anshan

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