Old shipping containers are being upcycled into farmhouses, offices and even classrooms. Cheap and chic, it's the new way to live

Here's an out-of-the-box idea — living inside a box. A shipping container to be exact. gargantuan shipping containers that once carried cars and trucks, frozen meat or iron-ore overseas are now being upcycled to create living spaces that feel just as personal and cozy as a regular brick-and-mortar makaan. The wait for your under-construction apartment can run into years but these steel containers fitted with plumbing, electricity and insulation take just a few weeks to be transformed from boxes to bijou residences.

For years, container architecture in India remained confined to low-cost accommodation and mobile office spaces on construction sites. Lately, however, well-heeled Indians with a yen for international trends have started experimenting with it. Container homes are common in most big port cities of the world like Amsterdam, Tokyo, New York and Cape Town, and are now popping up across India too.

Interior designer Neeraj Khandelwal has created three such spaces for high net worth individuals (HNIs) in Gurgaon in the past four months. "These were additions to existing farmhouses in Chhatarpur. Since putting together a container space is faster and easier, clients chose it over the usual brick-mortar structures," says Khandelwal who runs a design firm in Gurgaon.

One of the projects involved creating a lounge unit, next to the main farmhouse. "The client wanted a space to unwind. With this brief, we did not install partitions in the container, so as to create a sense of openness. We fitted it with a jacuzzi, a bar and a glass ceiling. The walls are covered with photographs of Harley Davidson models as the client is into biking," explains Khandelwal, who is currently developing container-rooms for an upcoming resort near Gurgaon, and a cafe.

© Container Studios India, Bangalore

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Dismantling used containers or shipping them back home are both very expensive. It's cheaper to just let them lie around the yard or resell them at a discount. A 20x8 ft container costs around Rs 1 lakh. Converting it into a comfortable living space can cost up to Rs 20 lakh. Usually, these steel boxes come in two sizes: 20x8 ft and 40x8 ft.

Container homes are customised for each client even though they all start out as indistinguishable rectangles. "From furnishing, to electrical fittings, to sanitary ware, it's made to order," says Sandeep Patil of Champion Prefabs, a Bengaluru-based firm. Aadhan, a young mobile infrastructure firm based in Delhi is applying container architecture in the social sector. They have built a container-classroom in Govardhan, UP and are in the process of developing a mobile library for a UP-based NGO.

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On the flip side, these structures may become too hot during summer months if the insulation is not effective. "Rusting is another challenge...we need to introduce design elements to check the flow of rainwater so that it doesn't cause rust," says Kameshwar Rao of Bengaluru's Container Solutions India.

Pune-based designer Ashwini Deshpande, however, cautions about the green claims of such structures. "I am convinced that container spaces can be a viable option if designed with sensitivity to climate and people, since it is a way of upcycling. However, it makes sense to use containers only where they are easily available; which is mostly harbour cities. Otherwise the ecological footprint of transporting the containers may not justify the upcycling," she points out.