Urban planners are responsible to prepare a layout or action plan for development of a town-planning scheme. Engineers construct roads and other infrastructure as per approved plan and architects design the buildings, which gives the ultimate streetscape and aesthetics of the area.

In Bhutan, government agencies and individual owners build buildings for residential and commercial purposes. Respective land owners finance the construction, mostly by availing loans at a high interest rate thereby escalating the cost of construction, which is already high due to import of materials, transportation cost and expensive labour market. In the absence of organized construction agencies, amateur builders construct these houses and the quality and aesthetics do not harmonize with the surrounding topography, traditional architectural norms and standards. Though building plans are approved by respective local governments, using development control regulations, ground realities are different and constructions do not match the approved plan. This is a result of inexperienced landowner, lack of technically qualified building technicians and absence of supervising architect/engineer at site.
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