The Bronze Age spread of Yamnaya Steppe pastoralist ancestry into two subcontinents—Europe and South Asia.

Pie charts reflect the proportion of Yamnaya ancestry, and dates reflect the earliest available ancient DNA with Yamnaya ancestry in each region. Ancient DNA has not yet been found for the ANI and ASI, so for these the range is inferred statistically.

Source: Vagheesh M. Narasimhan et al. The formation of human populations in South and Central AsiaScience, 2019; 365 (6457): eaat7487 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat7487