Because of their crucial role in interpreting histories, museums and the artefacts they display create a space for stories essential to cultural heritage. The destruction of museums causes irreversible losses in the cultural identity and memory of the local and global communities. Yet, despite international attempts to prevent them from being targeted, museums were extensively damaged (directly or collaterally) in almost all contemporary international, regional, and local armed conflicts. Different heritage philosophies have been adopted in the post-conflict periods to reconstruct the damaged museum buildings. However, the shaping of intervention strategies has received little scrutiny in the conservation literature. Examining the interventions in various war-damaged museums in Europe and the Middle East, this article aims to reveal insights into the architectural and political concerns and approaches adopted in different temporal and geographical contexts.