This panel investigates the influence that scientific advances in the modern(ist) era had on Luigi Pirandello and his contemporaries. The scientific revolutions occurring across the 19th and the 20th centuries put literature and the arts in a prolific dialogue with fields as diverse as technology, industry, architecture, and physics (among others). Discoveries and advances in this time period inspired and reshaped the work of Pirandello and his fellow intellectuals, impacting their thought and modernist writing style. We aim to shed light on the intersection of art with narratives of scientific progress as well as specific scientific advances, on the one hand, and on the role that Pirandello and his contemporaries played in defining the modernist intellectual trends of the moment, on the other.